⑴ 原因狀語從句語法
原因狀語從句表原因, 以下逐一介紹高考中常見的原因狀語從句的引導詞:
1. because引導的原因狀語從句一般放於主句之後, because表示直接原因, 語氣最強, 最適合回答 why引導的疑問句。例如: I do it because I like it. 我做這件事是因為我喜歡。
注意: 「not ... because」結構中的not否定的是because引導的整個從句, 例如: The country is not strong because it is large. 國強不在大。
2. since引導的原因狀語從句一般放於主句之前表示已知的、 顯然的理由(通常被翻譯成「既然」), 較為正式, 語氣比because弱。例如: Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息, 你最好幫我補習數學。
注意: seeing (that), now (that), considering (that), in that這幾個詞彙與since引導的原因狀語從句意思相近, 都表示「既然」。例如: Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there』s no reason that we should now help him. 他既然曾經拒絕幫助我們, 我們現在沒有理由要來幫助他。// Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 既然你長大了, 就不應該依靠你的父母了。// Considering (that) everybody is here, let』s begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了, 我們就開始討論吧。// In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因為有病, 他覺得做不了那件事。
3. as 引導原因狀語從句時表示附帶說明的「雙方已知的原因」, 語氣比since弱, 較為正式, 位置較為靈活(常放於主句之前)。例如: As it is raining, you』d better take a taxi. 既然在下雨, 你最好乘出租汽車。// As you are tired, you had better rest. 既然累了, 你最好休息一下。// I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我睡得早, 因為我筋疲力盡了。
4. for引導的原因狀語從句並不說明主句行為發生的直接原因, 只提供一些輔助性的補充說明, for引導的原因狀語從句只能放於主句之後並且必須用逗號將其與主句隔開。例如: He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能見過我, 因為我不在那裡。
⑵ 原因狀語從句的用法
原因狀語從句表原因, 以下逐一介紹中考、高考中常見的原因狀語從句的引導詞:
1. because引導的原因狀語從句一般放於主句的後面,because從句位於句首時要用逗號分開,放在句末 時,可不用逗號分開。because表示直接原因, 語氣最強, 最適合回答why引導的疑問句。
例如:
I do it because I like it.
我做這件事是因為我喜歡。
You can trust those procts because the quality never varies.
你可以信賴那些產品,因為它們的質量從來不變。
We went by bus because it was cheaper.
我們乘公交汽車去,因為這樣便宜一些。
注意: 「not ... because」結構中的not否定的是because引導的整個從句,
例如:
誤:The country is not strong because it is large.
正:The country is strong not just because it is large.
國強不在大。
I didn't help him,not because I was unwilling,but because I was unable to do it.
我沒有幫助他,不是因為我不願意,而是因為我力不從心。
2. since引導的原因狀語從句一般放於主句之前表示已知的、 顯然的理由(通常被翻譯成「既然」), 較為正式, 語氣比because弱。
例如:
Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.
既然今天你休息, 你最好幫我補習數學。
Since you don't trust him,you should not employ him.
你既然不信任他,你就不該僱用他。
注意: seeing (that), now (that), considering (that), in that這幾個詞彙與since引導的原因狀語從句意思相近, 都表示「既然」。
例如:
Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there』s no reason that we should now help him.
他既然曾經拒絕幫助我們, 我們沒有理由要來幫助他。
Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.
既然你長大了, 就不應該依靠你的父母了。
Considering (that) everybody is here, let』s begin our discussion.
既然大家都到了, 我們就開始討論吧。
In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it.
因為他生病了,他覺得做不了那件事。
3. as 引導原因狀語從句時表示附帶說明的「雙方已知的原因」, 語氣比since弱, 較為正式, 位置較為靈活(常放於主句之前)。
例如:
As it is raining, you』d better take a taxi.
既然在下雨, 你最好乘出租汽車。
As you are tired, you had better rest.
既然累了, 你最好休息一下。
I went to bed early, as I was exhausted.
我睡得早, 因為我已筋疲力盡了。
4. for引導的是並列句表示原因但並不說明主句行為發生的直接原因, 只提供一些輔助性的補充說明, for引導的並列句只能放於主句之後並且必須用逗號將其與主句隔開。
例如:
He could not have seen me, for I was not there.
他不可能見過我, 因為我不在那裡。
He seldom goes out now,for he is very old.
他難得出門了,因為他年事已高。
注意:
①in view of the fact that可用as/since/seeing that來表示,但不能用because:
As/Since/Seeing that you are gere,you may as well give me a hand.
既然你在這里,你就幫我個忙吧。
As/Since/Seeing that Tom knows French,he'd better do the talking.
既然湯姆懂法語,最好讓他來談。
②在as/since/seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陳述時,可用if來代替:
As/Since/Seeing/If you don't like Bill。why did you invite him?
既然/如果你不喜歡比爾,你為什麼邀請了他?